Persistent Cough: When It’s more Than Just a Cold

06 Oct 2025

A cough is one of the most common reasons people see their GP. While most coughs are linked to short-term infections and clear within a few weeks, some linger much longer. A cough that won’t go away can sometimes be a sign of something more serious.

Here’s how to tell the difference between a harmless cough and one that needs medical attention.

How long is too long?

Most coughs caused by colds or minor infections resolve within two to three weeks. A cough lasting longer than eight weeks is considered chronic and should be checked by a doctor.

Everyday Causes of Coughing

Not all coughs are linked to serious illness. Common non-urgent causes include:

• Viral infections such as the common cold or flu
• Allergies and hay fever
• Post-nasal drip (mucus trickling down the throat)
• Smoking or exposure to irritants
• Acid reflux (GERD), which can irritate the throat

When a Cough Could Mean Something more

Sometimes, a persistent cough may signal an underlying condition such as:

• Asthma – Often linked to wheezing or breathlessness.
• Chronic bronchitis or COPD – Common in smokers or ex-smokers.
• Pneumonia or chest infection – May cause fever, chest pain, and shortness of breath.
• Tuberculosis (TB) – A rare but important cause of long-lasting cough.
• Lung cancer – Especially if accompanied by blood in sputum, unexplained weight loss, or chest pain.

If your cough has lasted several weeks, a Private GP Consultation is the best next step.

Red Flags not to Ignore

Seek medical advice urgently if your cough is accompanied by:

• Coughing up blood
• Unexplained weight loss
• Chest pain or shortness of breath
• Fever or night sweats
• A history of smoking and persistent cough

Tests Your Doctor May Recommend

Depending on your symptoms, your GP may suggest:

• Chest X-ray to check lungs and airways
• Blood tests to look for infection or inflammation
• Sputum tests for bacterial causes
• Spirometry to assess lung function

At South Kensington Medical & Dental, we provide Respiratory Health Checks and access to rapid investigations if needed.

Managing and Preventing Coughs

For less serious causes, coughs can often be eased by:

• Staying hydrated
• Using honey or throat lozenges
• Avoiding smoke and irritants
• Treating underlying allergies or reflux

Final Thoughts

Most coughs are short-lived, but a persistent cough should never be ignored. Early assessment can rule out serious conditions and ensure the right treatment.